Muhammad Ibn Musa Al-Khwarizmi



Muhammad Ibn Musa Al-Khwarizmi


Al-Khwarizmi was a Persian Muslim scholar. He is known as algorithmi in Latin and al-Khwarizmi in Arabic. He was born in Persia of that time around 780 ad. He was appointed as the astronomer and head of the library at the house of wisdom in Baghdad. He produced works in mathematics, astronomy and geography. He was a scholar at bait-ul-hikmah. This group was interested in re-engaging the works of the ancient Greeks, which had been lost and almost forgotten about, for centuries. Apart from translating the Greek texts, they published their own research on algebra, geometry and astronomy. He is known as the father of algebra.
Around 825 ad, he wrote the book,” hisab al jabrw’al muqabala” and established the widespread use of Hindu- Arabic numbers i.e. 1,2,3…….
Which replaced the roman numerals i.e. I ii iii iv……. He was also instrumental in encouraging the use of the number 0. His aim was to solve linear equations by removing negatives using a process of balancing both sides of an equation. Some of his works are based on Persian and Babylonian astronomy, Indian numbers and Greek mathematics.
He corrected Ptolemy’s data for Africa and middle east. Another major book was “kitab Surat-al-arz”., presenting the coordinates of those places based in the geography of Ptolemy, but with improved values of Africa, Asia and Mediterranean Sea. He also wrote on mechanical devices like astrolabe and sundial.  He assisted a project to measure earth’s circumference and made a map for al-mamun, the caliph, overseeing 70 geographers. His notable works are: the compendious book on calculation by completion and balancing, book of the description of the earth and astronomical tables of siddhanta.
He died in the year 850 ad.

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